![]() ![]() Specifically, her contributions have been on research done on revealing hGCMa as a placenta-specific transcription regulator, possibly involved in the expression of multiple placenta-specific genes. She has served as head of laboratories, lead academic supervisor of students, and as a significant intellectual contributor. Tsuneko has continued to be involved in different research projects up to this day, mainly investigating different aspects of DNA. After Reiji Okazaki's early death from Hiroshima-induced leukemia in 1975, Tsuneko continued her research and moved on to proving the structure of the RNA primer associated with Okazaki fragments. Years later, after much research done in both the U.S and Japan, in 1968, Tsuneko and Reiji published their breakthrough findings on Okazaki fragments in PNAS. Strominger and Arthur Kornberg, respectively, where there was a lot more availability of resources to further their research. They worked at Washington University and Stanford University in the labs of J. ![]() This work led to the discovery of thymidine-diphosphate rhamnose, a sugar linked nucleotide, which then opened up the doors for them to work in the U.S. ![]() Tsuneko and Reiji Okazaki's early research consisted of studying DNA synthesis and specific nucleotide characteristics in frog eggs and sea urchins. Work leading to and discovery of Okazaki fragments They married that same year and soon after, they joined their research work and laboratories. She graduated with her PhD from Nagoya University School of Science in 1956, which was also the year that she met her husband, Reiji Okazaki. During her undergraduate years, she studied biology at Nagoya University School of Science. She graduated from Aichi Prefectural Asahigaoka Senior High School. Tsuneko Okazaki was born in Nagoya, capital of the Aichi Prefecture of Japan, in 1933. Tsuneko Okazaki has continued to be involved in academia, contributing to more advancements in DNA research. Tsuneko Okazaki ( 岡崎 恒子, Okazaki Tsuneko, born June 7, 1933) is a Japanese pioneer of molecular biology known for her work on DNA replication and specifically for discovering Okazaki fragments, along with her husband Reiji. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.You should also add the template to the talk page.A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Japanese Wikipedia article at ] see its history for attribution. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation.If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality.Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 3,325 articles in the main category, and specifying |topic= will aid in categorization.Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.View a machine-translated version of the Japanese article.Subsequently, the RNA segment is eliminated through another enzyme, to later be replaced by DNA. DNA enzymes add nucleotides to the primer, which was previously synthesized to form an okazaki fragment. These fragments are formed from a small fraction of RNA, known as a primer, which is simplified by an enzyme called "primase". The discovery of these fragments is given to the Japanese scientists Reiji Okazaki and his wife Tsuneko Okazaki, who during an investigation of the DNA replication process in a virus, managed to find these fragments. These fragments are what are called okazaki fragments. Each of these phases gives rise to the creation of small fractions of chromosomes. Technically, each of the chromosomes can replicate gradually, that is, in continuous phases. This stage occurs during the cell division process, where each chromosome belonging to the cell can be copied and give rise to two exactly the same cells. In this sense, the okazaki fragments represent segments of DNA that are simplified in the replication chain. This occurs when the cell begins to receive signals that can be internal or external and that indicate that it must multiply, this causes the cell to manufacture a copy of its genetic material, thus originating the process of DNA replication. Before explaining what okazaki fragments mean, one must first understand how the process of DNA replication takes place. ![]()
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